The protected area concept for Biodiversity conservation has figured prominently around the world. KAZIRANGA NATIONAL PARK, legally notified as a National Park in the year 1974, is a name known worldwide for its success in the conservation history of one horned Indian Rhinoceros. It also provides a natural habitat for a number of rare, threatened and charismatic species. A symbol of dedication for the conservation of animals and their habitat, Kaziranga, with a National Park status represents the single largest protected area within the North-east Brahmaputra valley to provide long term viable conservation. The outstanding conservation values made Kaziranga National Park to get inscribed on the World Heritage List of "Convention concerning the protection of the world cultural and natural heritage" in the year 1985.
However, sudden increase in poaching of Rhinos has attracted attention of the public,wildlife lovers, Government and other non-government organisations working on the field. Further, deaths of animals due to floods, biotic disturbance from human encroachments around the Park had been the matter of concern for the wildlife authorities of the State of Assam. Also, eminent citizens of the State expressed their concerns for protection of the Rhinos from the threats posed from poachers during the meeting of the Audit Advisory Board in December 2013. In view of the above, it was decided to take up this performance audit.